In light of the recent tragedies in
Aurora Colorado, Newtown, and Tucson have renewed debate about how we look at
privately owned firearms. Could these
tragedies been prevented by a comprehensive firearm policy? Were there warning
signs that were missed? How this country
proceeds depends on how we interpret the second amendment and how we define the
underlying causes of gun violence. Gun
rights advocates see any regulation as an affront to their constitutional
rights, while gun control advocates see the second amendment as limited to
maintain public safety. Currently
Congress is debating whether a law banning assault style weapons and high
capacity magazines would solve this ongoing problem.
Although an honest debate is
healthy, a few key points always seem to be overlooked when lawmakers create gun
laws. Luckily, a rather large sample
size of data exists from the 1994 Clinton assault weapons ban that provides
some background to past policy efforts. This
ban addressed semi-automatic rifles and high capacity magazines. This law only applied to assault weapons made
after the date the bill was signed in to law.
This law had a sunset clause that kicked in after 10 years if the bill
was not renewed. The National Institute for Justice (NIJ)
produced a report on the effects of the ban and the results were mixed at
best. The NIJ stated that the impact was
minimal because assault weapons were only used in 2 percent of crimes to begin
with and any change would be almost insignificant. Most of the crime data showed that high capacity
magazines (10 rounds or more) were used in nearly a quarter of the gun
crimes. The report further elaborated
that assault weapons with high capacity magazines are mostly used in public
assaults on police and mass shootings, both exceedingly rare events. Finally, the reduction of crime involving
assault style weapons was somewhat offset by the use of more conventional pistols
with high capacity magazines. Overall
the report showed that the ban lacked the proof that it made any significant decreases
to gun crime (Koper 2004).